The process of producing breast milk is called Lactation and is normal for who are pregnant or recently gave birth. But sometimes you are not pregnant but your breast discharge milk. This condition is known as galactorrhea.
What Is Galactorrhea?
Galactorrhea is not a disease in itself but can indicate an underlying medical condition. It is relatively common, affecting 20 to 25 percent of women, even those who have never had children or are post-menopausal. Interestingly, galactorrhea can also happen in men and babies. It can happen for a variety of reasons, such as excessive breast stimulation, medicine side effects or conditions of the pituitary gland.
Symptoms
If you experience the following symptoms, it might indicate galactorrhea:
- Milky nipple discharge, either spontaneous or expressed manually.
- Discharge from one or both breasts involving multiple milk ducts.
- Absent or irregular menstrual periods.
- Headaches or vision problems.
Reasons Behind Galactorrhea
The condition arises due to an increase in prolactin, a hormone produced by the pituitary gland, a small bean-shaped gland at the base of the brain, that stimulates milk production. Several factors can trigger this, including:
- Medications: Certain sedatives, antidepressants, antipsychotics, and blood pressure medicines.
- Herbs: Consumption of fennel, cumin, or fenugreek seeds.
- Pituitary Gland Issues: Noncancerous tumors like prolactinomas or other abnormalities.
- Thyroid Problems: An underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism).
- Kidney Disease: Chronic kidney conditions.
- Physical Factors: Excessive breast stimulation during sexual activity, frequent breast self-exams, or friction from tight clothing.
- Injuries: Nerve damage from chest surgery, burns, or spinal cord injuries.
- Stress: Emotional or physical stress can also play a role.
Should You Be Concerned?
Galactorrhea might not always be alarming, but if you experience unexplained nipple discharge, irregular periods, or other related symptoms, it’s crucial to consult a doctor. Early diagnosis can help address any underlying health issues effectively.